Saturday, December 28, 2019

The Reconstruction Period and Racism Towards African...

The Reconstruction Period which may also be known as the Radical Reconstruction took place from 1865 to 1877 (Foner, 439). Throughout this time a coherent definition for Freedom was not yet established leading to many disadvantages mainly to the African American communities. During this time political, social and economic issues affected the South. Therefore, regaining order in the Confederate state became important to the Union. By 1865 Congress established the Freedmen’s Bureau which brought a successful outcome, but was not sufficient to cure all established problems. According to Eric Foner the Freedmen’s Bureau was seen as a government experiment with the idea of establishing a sense of equality between social interactions. Not only†¦show more content†¦It is stated, â€Å"It was merely a nondescript collection of houses and buildings in a region of farms- one of those sad American places with sidewalks, but no paved streets; electric lights, but no sewag e; a station but no trains that stopped†¦And it was 150 miles from any city at all (Hughes, 3).† Even though Cora was a relying, humble and hard working women she was unaccepted to white society. Cora was only seen for her labor. It is stated, â€Å"Cora iron my stockings, Cora come here†¦ Cora, put†¦ Cora†¦ Cora†¦ Cora! Cora! (Hughes, 4).† At a very young age colored people had to work for a living. On the other hand white society had an education and a far better future. Therefore, the circumstance of working with unpleasant superior was not discussed. Any job at the time was appreciated. Throughout the years that Cora worked with the Studevants she fell in love and had a child. At this time contraception or birth control was illegal. Even though Cora was looked down by society she had no shamed and became a proud mother. Unfortunately, due to the lack of medical assistance her child died from whopping cough. The years passed and the Studeva nts had a child named Jessie which Cora nursed and treated her as a daughter. When Jessie was in high school she experienced Cora’s situation, pregnant and unmarried. On one side Cora advise to have the child and become a proud mother just like her, but the mother disagreed she viewed this situationShow MoreRelatedWhy the Reconstruction Stopped After the Civil War Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesReconstruction has been brutally murdered! For a little over a decade after the Civil War, the victorious North launched a campaign of social, economic, and political recovery in the former Confederacy and to readmit the land in the former Confederacy back into the United States as states. Reconstruction yielded many benefits for African Americans. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments freed African Americans, made them citizens, and gave them the right to vote respectively. The Freedmen’s Bureau alsoRead MoreCivil War Reconstruction: Success or Failure? Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesUS History 06 January 2006 Reconstruction: Failure The Civil war was possibly the greatest tragedy that this country had ever faced. Years of constant arguing, compromises and cynical ideas about slavery pushed this so called United Nation into an atrocious collision between the Northern abolitionists and the Southern proslavery farmers and plantation owners. The nation suffered enormous losses economically and went into a downward spiral. The reconstruction period began with many leaders steppingRead MoreWhat Were The Principal Questions Facing The Nation At The End Of The Civil War?1276 Words   |  6 Pagesand repairs in the South remained. The foremost question that both white southerners, white northerners, and African Americans faced was what did freedom mean: for white southerners, it meant freedom from the perceived tyrannical rule of the North; for white northerners, it started and stopped with emancipation with the exception of the Radicals and some Moderates; and for African Americans, many saw it as having the same poli tical rights as whites with some even wanting a redistribution of the landRead MoreThe Reconstruction Era During The Civil War910 Words   |  4 Pagesone time African Americans were treated poorly this country wouldn’t be what it is today without what African Americans went through. They have had such a major impact on music, movies, literature, sports, and many other things. The Reconstruction Era took place after the end of the Civil War. It lasted from 1965 to 1977. It was the North’s way of making peace with not only former slaves, but the South as well. The Reconstruction Era attempted to better the lives of African Americans by makingRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War972 Words   |  4 PagesThere was a transformation period after the Civil War called the reconstruction during the years 1863 to 1877. The reconstruction was the rebuilding of the United States, mainly in the South. There were three major types of reconstruction, which were political, physical, and social. The political reconstruction allowed some African Americans to vote; however, they had to be literate in order to take the Oath test. Not many African Americans knew how to read and write, because they were slaves andRead MoreThe Case For Reparations By Ta Nehisi Coates Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pagesthat his audience has a different perspective about the case for African American reparations. There is no denying that since the inception of the United States of America, African Americans have faced serious discrimination and injustice, which may in fact entitle them to reparations. Some African American communities of the present are still experiencing the negative effects of slavery, Reconstruction and post-Reconstruction racism. These negative effects are evident in Chicago’s North LawndaleRead MoreRace And Racial Inequality During The Civil Rights Of Everyone Has Improved Over The Last Few Decades1719 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Racism[ˈrÄ Ã‹Å'sizÉ™m]prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one s own race is superior†. Race and racial inequality have strongly shaped American history from its beginning up until now . Americans like to think of the founding of the American colonies and, later, the United States, as driven by liberty and freedom . However, from the start America was founded on inequality which involved the absolute oppression for not onlyRead More African American Social Standings Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pageswill discuss the African American social standing in America throughout history. It will discuss the highs and lows and the pros and cons of the progression and also the different periods that African Americans lived through since they were brought to America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The progression of African Americans in America began with a practice called slavery. Slavery is the state of a person who is the chattel of another. It began in 1441 when Portuguese men kidnapped 12 black Africans from Cabo BlancoRead MoreThe Roles Of African Americans1630 Words   |  7 Pages The Roles of Africans American in Developing Our Nation By: Marcus A. Shans HIS204: American History Since 1865 (GSN 1507B) Instructor: Andrew Cramer 16 March 2015 Reconstruction 1865 After the Civil War the country had to reconfigure and somehow integrate the southern states back into the union. African American got their freedom and set out to make lives for themselves and find a new identity. In During the reconstruction period many African Americans found themselves facilitatingRead MoreAfrican American Social Standings1744 Words   |  7 Pagespaper will discuss the African American social standing in America throughout history. It will discuss the highs and lows and the pros an cons of the progression and also the different periods that African Americans lived through since they were brought to America. The progression of African Americans in America began with a practice called slavery. Slavery is the state of a person who is the chattel of another. It began in 1441 when Portuguese men kidnapped 12 black Africans from Cabo Blanco and

Friday, December 20, 2019

Analysis Of The Play Taming Of The Shrew - 1236 Words

Character Analysis The main character in the play Taming of the Shrew is Katherine, who undergoes a major transformation throughout the play as she begins stubborn and ill tempered and ends a subservient wife. At the beginning of the play, her disobedience is marked by the sharp contrast between her behaviors and those of her polite and feminine younger sister. The only issue is that her sister’s many suitors will not have the option to marry her until she is married herself. Katherine is â€Å"tamed† soon after meeting Petruchio, who is misogynistic and equally as quick-witted as she is. Overall, the character of Katherine is so interesting because of her shift in values and goals throughout the play that make the audience question who she really is as a person. The playwright is William Shakespeare, so this was written within the Elizabethan period where a comedy about marriage would have been much appreciated. Katherine’s given circumstances are that she is th e daughter of a wealthy man named Baptista Minola and she lives in Padua, Italy. The audience immediately sees that Katherine is not keen on the idea of having suitors, but she is being pressured into getting married because she must do so for her younger sister to get married. She seems as if she is against the societal pressures that she must get married, implying that she values independence and her own intellect. Throughout the play, Katherine’s values seem to transition because after meeting Petruchio she agreesShow MoreRelatedTaming Of The Shrew And The Merchant Of Venice1612 Words   |  7 Pagesyears ago or now. Shakespeares two very famous comedy plays, The Taming of the Shrew and The Merchant of Venice challenge a very serious social issue, the role and importance of woman in society. We all know the stereotypical image of woman in the society but Shakespeare questions the society on these thoughts through his plays. While Shakespeare expresses his ideas in a very unique way in each of his plays, this issue is common in both plays and is portrayed very similarly. Whether it is the wayRead MoreEssay about Deception in Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew910 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Shakespearian play: The Taming of the Shrew, deception is one of the major concepts. A tangled web is created in the play through deception of character behavior and the change between clothing and class. Most of the deception in the play have particular motives behind them and create dramatic irony. Shakespeare has used dramatic irony to create a comedic play. Character deception in The Taming of the Shrew is used largely, and Lucentio one of the main characters in the play uses deception throughoutRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew Analysis732 Words   |  3 PagesPerforming Marriage with a Difference: Wooing, Wedding, and Bedding in The Taming of the Shrew Amy L. Smith Even before the recent burgeoning of performance theory, The Taming of the Shrew was of great interest to critics interested in role playing , identity, and theatricality. And because Kates taming and her performative speech both take place in a play-within-a-play, Taming fostered a critical interest in the intersection between performance and gender long before the phrasegender troubleRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1671 Words   |  7 PagesKatherina from Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew displays the distinct characteristics which allow her to be placed among the sinners in the Inferno. Kate’s tragic flaw of being the shrew in the play m eans she personifies anger. Her anger is clearly seen at the beginning of the play, but appears to lessen during the remaining acts. On the surface it can be easy to conclude that Kate is a shrew no more and her marriage has tamed her. Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew contains clues which can concludeRead MoreCharacter Analysis Taming Of The Shrew849 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Analysis of Katherine â€Å"The Shrew† Wrote by William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew is a comedy play that takes place during the late 16th century. The title itself is simple use of figurative language. Rather than to be token literal, the â€Å"Shrew† is in reference to the character that the audience knows as Katherine. The â€Å"taming† is the description of Petruchio’s process in breaking Katherines â€Å"shrewish† ways of being an uncontrollable wife. During a time where women were looked atRead MoreTheme Of Taming Of The Shrew1116 Words   |  5 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew: Moment Analysis Particular moments in William Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew have a special significance in regard to the overall meaning of the play. One such moment is when Petruchio and Katherine talk about â€Å"how bright and goodly shines the moon,† (Shakespeare 13). At this moment, the insistent Petruchio pressures Katherine to refer to the sun as the moon. After a brief tussle of wits, Petruchio acquiesces and agrees to adopt the line of thought forced on to herRead MoreGender Roles in the 16th Century1909 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s plays, most predominantly appearing in The Taming of the Shrew. As quoted within texts and contexts of this play, the reader becomes aware that The Taming of the Shrew â€Å"participates in a tenacious popular tradition of depicting domestic violence as funny† (Dolan 244). In current times, the idea of domestic violence is contrary to what would be seen as humor, but in the 16th century people were accustomed to this as a value of their everyday life. Through the use of shrew-taming within theRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Taming Of The Shrew 849 Words   |  4 PagesHonors Ms. Howard 08.04 Writing about Relevance â€Å"When love speaks the voice of all the gods makes heaven drowsy with the harmony,† Taming of the Shrew, Act IV, scene II. Besides being a well written play, the comedic devices that each act holds is used to help develop the plot and the comedy effect of The Taming of the Shrew. The devices used has shown the audience how the shrew could be changed by receiving the same treatment it has been giving. Shakespeare used comedic devices to help keep the audienceRead MoreHow far do you agree with the opinion that courtship and marriage are undermined and ridiculed in ‚Äà ºThe Taming of the Shrew‚Äà ¹?1718 Words   |  7 Pagesundermined and ridiculed in â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew†? Shakespeare’s drama â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew† is set in the Elizabethan era, and marriage and courtship was very different than how it is in the present. Back then it was the parents who picked suitors for their daughters. This choice would be final for the daughters but often women rebelled against the decision as they wanted to choose their own suitors. â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† is an example of this. In our â€Å"Taming of the Shrew† this is no different asRead More Essay on Taming of the Shrew: Stand by Your Man1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew:   Stand by Your Man - The Psychotherapist Perspective  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The universal nature of the themes in The Taming of the Shrew,   beg analysis and social critique. This comedic farce, by William Shakespeare, creates an elegant depiction of a modern life and romantic love with all of its masks and pretensions. It is easy to assume the perspective of a psychotherapist while witnessing the drama of Katherine and Petruchio’s love affair unfolding. Concepts like â€Å"emotional

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Crashing Through My Fears free essay sample

At 6:30, I planned to leave my house early enough to get to my friend’s house on time to dye our hair black for homecoming, but not too early where I would be half asleep. After all my school stuff was packed into my book bag, I went out to start my car. When I say â€Å"my car† I use the term loosely. In all technicalities, the van was not mine, it was my father’s. However, when my parents bought a new one they passed the old one down to me so I would â€Å"have a ride to school.† I left the house according to plan, excited to start junior year homecoming. I hopped into my car, buckled up, and turned my iPod on to â€Å"Sparks Fly† by Taylor Swift. I was singing along to the song when the chorus began, until a red pickup truck pulled out in front of me. We will write a custom essay sample on Crashing Through My Fears or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had to think fast, but the last thing I remembered was slamming my right foot down on the brake pedal before the collision happened. The impact did not injure me or the other guy. But surely, it damaged my car and my driving confidence. Even though my morning started out long, I begged my parents to let me still go to school. I know now that I probably should not have gone, but I was determined not to miss the pep rally. You only get so many of those, you know? I wanted to cherish the memory of each one that I went to, and I could not do that if I did not attend this one. For weeks after my accident, I would refuse to drive anywhere. I would use the excuse, â€Å"my accident occurred in the intersection to enter and exit our subdivision. How did you want me to drive through the same spot at least twice a day?† My parents knew as well as me that I only used the excuse because I did not want to face my fear of driving. After time, I learned that I needed to jump back in the car and start driving again. It was one of those things in life I realized I would not be able to avoid, even though I wanted to. That one spot is the only spot in the entire world that I could not avoid, but after time passed it began to disappear away from my sight and away from my life. I guess you could say I faced my fear because I had to, more than because I wanted to. It’s been said that â€Å"time heals all wounds.† Personally, I have come to realize the truth behind that saying after my car crash. However, I would not say it dissolved completely with time; all it did was lessen enough for me to finally grow immune to it.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Business Strategy Market of Retail

Question: Describe about the Business Strategy for Market of Retail. Answer: Introduction The Wesfarmers Company that started as a small Co-operative has spread itself into the Australian and New Zealand market of retail. This leap has been the result of a sequence of reasons. Organisation needs to follow a road map to develop its business. It also can be called blueprint of the business. From the beginning should focus on the ultimate outcome for this the organization have to segment,target and position its product. For proper market survey they use marketing mix. In this report, the researcher will try to analyse the external and the internal situations facing Wesfarmers. Also, the reasons which led to the companys immense success. The researcher analyse the internal factors as well as the external factors along with the PESTEL and SWOT analysis. About the company Wesfarmers, started as a small co-operative company providing access for Australian farmers to reach markets. Slowly they expanded their business moving into full fledged retail. Their position has been confirmed through comparing their net profits. The company has today commitments in Australia, Bangladesh, United Kingdom, New Zealand and Ireland. The company has undertaken multiple companies among which the most renowned ones are Bunnings Warehouse, Coles Supermarkets, Coles Express, Harris Technology, Bi-Lo and many more (Henson, 2012). Internal Analysis of Wesfarmers It is to be noted that the internal analysis of a company is to focus on the various factors that are the companys strengths as well as weaknesses. In this environmental analysis and this internal analysis the researcher will explore the various factors of Wesfarmers Company like their management talent, various resources and capabilities (Ommani, 2011). The Wesfarmers corporation has been in the retail business for the last 100 years and more and today they are the single largest private employer, but they have previously declared that they are finding it hard for retaining the talent. The Wesfarmers is a diverse team of workers employing around 205000 employees under its various subsidiaries. The company, which reached its peak in the last decade has employed some of the best people for their various job roles. These are one of the leading reasons for the growth of the company (Hassan, 2014). Management skills are evident in the growth of the company. The management and planning of the corporation play an important part in the business and the way the company operates. Attracting talented leaders have been one of the leading ways to see a steady growth in the sector. The Company has increased ways for it to retain talent by providing their existing leaders with challenging work, giving them the opportunity to grow as a company. Human resources are an important factor of any company and the Wesfarmers is a company that believes in providing ample scope for the development of a persons personal professional capabilities. The proper management of talent becomes an important factor for the company depends on the proper management of the employees and their talents to show good results. With a fleet of 205000 employees and reaching millions of customers it is important that the retail business is controlled in the right way. The Wesfarmers has a strong relationship in the supplier sector, which ensures that all third products are sourced directly from the market ad are of the top quality (Oliver, 2007). The company has a huge capability to grow into a much larger company. It has started venturing into the resources and the mining sector. The company has already made contacts with other countries like the United Kingdom, Ireland and Bangladesh. The company can join the retailing of apparel, which can be easily supplied by the high quality clothing mills that are famous in Bangladesh. The company also has the opportunity to venture into tether retailing industries like Telecom or Aviation. The main focus of the company has been the sectors the include retail so the company can target the non-saturated markets in the retail industry and start investing there (Blackman, 2001). External Analysis Micro Environment PESTEL analysis Political: Wesfarmers has already included themselves in various departments like the Home and office supplies, the retail market, chemicals, energy sector, resources and much more. The Australian government is supportive towards the increase in the holdings of the Wesfarmers group. The company holds a significant amount of resources (Gupta, 2013). Economy: The Australian conglomerate Wesfarmers have taken part of the retail and departmental store business and has under its holdings the leading retailers, namely the Coles and Bunnings companies who have been taken over by the company ensuring that the company holds a significant section of the retail audience under one roof. The increase in disposable income from the Australian buyers has improved the business of the retail sector(Clark, 2003). Social: The local Aussies are involved in farming and have been involved in the shopping from the most popular retail giants Coles, Bunnings etc. The company of Wesfarmers was based on the dealings with the 65 local co-operative companies. Even though the company has become a household name in Australia, but regular advertisement ad marketing ensures that the company sees better customer relationships and commitments from the customer(Hrtel, 2014). Technology: The Wesfarmers has included various steps to increase their productivity, including better ways for them to source materials. They are also trying to get the best way to increase their output through employing better safety and technology. Venturing into the safety sector they are committed towards creating a better and safer company(Khan, 2015). Legal: Wesfarmers has been aided by the casual legitimate arrangement of the Australia where it has a sound law business that help the company to stay away from any kind of illegal activities.. The large conglomerate hardly faced challenges in expanding its businesses(Alam, 2016). Environmental: The Wesfarmers group believes in creating a better footprint on the World, ensuring that the company invests in the betterment of the society. There have been significant issues with the companies under the Wesfarmers group and they each have taken part in creating a better world. Wesfarmers is trying to create a sustainable working environment by creating better opportunities for work for the people at grassroots level. They are promoting diversity, and also engaging in ways to the development of the people. The products sourced by Wesfarmers are done through better negotiation. Ethical sourcing has been largely advertised by the company. The company has also taken steps to reduce emissions and generate less waste and made a pledge to use less water (Henson, 2012). Society: Growing from a small company into the large conglomerate it is today, it is important that the company shows significant dealing with the society. The company has been associated with the society, creating better employment, better resources and better services for the society which have been a significant reason why Wesfarmers has been regarded as a leader (Clark, 2003). Micro Competitors analysis The Wesfarmers is the leading retailer among the Australian economy and has spread its business abroad also. The main competitor of Wesfarmers is the Woolworth Company. After the buyout of Coles, Woolworth has significantly lost the support of stakeholders. The investors are finding Wesfarmers a better investment sector than the main competitor Woolworth. Even thought the main competitor Woolworth has attractive pricings for the retail sector, but the Wesfarmers has also created better pricing through lower costing, and low cost pricing. The main reason for the development of the company was their low cost yet high quality products which have been at the heart of the company even today(Agriculture). Customers analysis Wesfarmers have a diverse base of consumers who are tech savvy and are born in the modern economy, which has seen steady growths in the last few years. The best ways to say this is that the customer base of Wesfarmers is diverging since it has multiple companies under its hat, there is a significant diversity seen in the company customers. Mostly the customers of Wesfarmers group of companies include the young and mid-age people who are habituated in buying their needed groceries, household stuff and other things at one place(IBISWorld, 2016). Suppliers analysis The Wesfarmers group works with the farmers in the Western Australia at first slowly growing into a much larger cooperative company. The supplier system of Wesfarmers is huge which now includes Coles and Buntings which are significant players in their respective retail market. The market of Wesfarmers is not controlled and there is a significant portion of the consumer. SWOT Analysis The company has various strengths which include a huge base of conglomerate companies it includes the leaders among retail businesses in Australia. The company is part of a huge economy which has seen a steady increase in resources and sales. The development of the service sector, the enhancement of the retail business has all increased the potential of Wesfarmers as a company. The Wesfarmers group is quite resourceful and has businesses under various industries which help it absorb the shocks of the economy easily. The increasing number of the companies taken under the Wesfarmers group ensures that the company has enough mettle to fall back on, in case it faces any hardships like a recession. The retail business has been solely controlled by Wesfarmers in the last few years. With the inclusion of Coles and Bunnings into the Wesfarmers group, the company has found significant source of control over the food and household goods market (Hrtel, 2014). The Wesfarmers also has weaknesses which can be a problem, these include the lower prices offered by Woolworths in the retail sector where its subsidiary Coles is a direct competitor. Also expanding its business to the other countries can be a source of weakness for Wesfarmers, since not every economy has the same elements of the business. Since a lot of materials of the retail business are imprinted it makes sense that the outside market may impact the business of Wesfarmers. Opportunities can be seen in better management of the company, which makes it important for Wesfarmers to explore opportunities in other retail sectors and service sectors in the Australia also the other nearby countries. New Zealand has a good economy to invest in where there is a good opportunity to grow in the field of business. Threats of Wesfarmers include the small threats in venturing outside their own country which includes the changing economy, increased pricing, shortage of supplies, the lower commission rates and the government pressure. The Coles and Bunnings under Wesfarmers control a great amount of the market, which has created latest politicians to think about ways to make the market healthy and competitive (Thompson, 2001). Conclusion The above analysis of the Wesfarmers allowed us to carefully investigate the various factors associated with the companys intense growth into the retail market as well as create a business management plan to increase its holdings into other markets and also in other sectors. Throughout the report the researcher has presented the reasons for the Wesfarmers to analysis and make out ways to enter the new booming markets and retain its position as the leading company in Australia. Concentrating on the problems of the company, the various environmental and social situations faced by the company it is to be noted that the company has reached the highs of business in Australia due to its ability to adapt to the changing economy. The ability to increase itself from the starting point, taking over companies and also making the right decisions over the right time. References Agriculture, W. A. (n.d.). Journal, Volume 27. 2005: Pennsylvania State University. Alam, M. N. (2016). Internal and external environment study. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management. Blackman, D. (2001). Talent management: developing or preventing knowledge and capability? National Institute for Governance, University of Canberra . Clark, A. (2003). Senior Australian Agriculture. Pascal Press. Gupta, A. (2013). Environment PEST Analysis: An Approach to External Business Environment. International Journal of Modern Social Sciences,. Hrtel, C. E. ( 2014). Human Resource Management. Pearson Australia. Hrtel, C. E. (2014). Human Resource Management. Pearson Australia. Hassan, S. M. (2014). Top Online Shopping E-companies and their Strength and Weakness . Research Journal of Recent Sciences . Henson, B. ( 2012). Luminous World: Contemporary Art from the Wesfarmers Collection. Fremantle Press. IBISWorld. (2016, September 09). Wesfarmers Limited - Premium Company Report Australia. Retrieved from ibisworld.com.au: www.ibisworld.com.au/car/default.aspx?entid=69 Khan, U. A. (2015). A critical analysis of internal and external environment of apple inc. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management. Oliver, C. (2007). Sustainable competitive advantage:combining institutional and resource based views. Strategic Management Journal, 697713. Ommani, A. (2011). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. African Journal of Business Management, 5-9. Thompson, A. A. (2001). Crafting and Executing Strategy: Text and Readings. McGraw-Hill/Irvin.